n 1847 a number of Voortrekkers settled in the area and the town was founded in 1850 by Boers as the capital of the Republic of Klip River with Andries Spies as their commandant. The republic was annexed by the British in the same year. It was named after Juana Maria de los Delores de Leon Smith also known as "Lady Smith", the Spanish wife of Sir Harry Smith, the Governor of the Cape Colony. Sir Harry Smith was the British general governor of Cape Colony and high commissioner in South Africa from 1847 to 1852. A fort was built in 1879 to protect the villagers from the Zulus.
Ladysmith made world headlines at the turn of the 20th century when it was besieged in what became known as the Siege of Ladysmith, for 118 days, from 2 November 1899 to 28 February 1900, during the most crucial stage of the Anglo-Boer War. 3,000 British soldiers died during the siege. Many famous battles were fought around Ladysmith, namely the Battle of Spion Kop and Wagon Hill.
During the Anglo-Boer War, Sir Winston Churchill was taken prisoner in Natal (between Ladysmith and Colenso) when the train that he was travelling in was ambushed by Boer forces. He escaped and rejoined the British forces as an honorary member of the Imperial Light Horse. He was a reporter for The Morning Post (London)
Ladysmith, infos taken from
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