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 Occupied
by the UK in 1841, Hong Kong was formally ceded by China the
following year;
various adjacent lands were added later in the 19th century. Pursuant
to an agreement signed by China and the UK on 19 December 1984,
Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR)
of China on 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China has promised
that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's
socialist economic system will not be imposed on Hong Kong and
that Hong Kong will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters
except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years. |
Location:
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Eastern Asia, bordering the South
China Sea and China
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Climate:
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Tropical
monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring
through summer, warm and sunny
in fall
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Borders:
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China 30 km
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Hong
Kong is located in East Asia, just south of the Tropic of
Cancer. Hong Kong Island is 32km (20 miles) east of the mouth
of Pearl River and 135km (84 miles) southeast of Canton.
It is separated from the mainland by a good natural harbour.
Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain in 1842 by the Treaty
of Nanking; and the Kowloon Peninsula. The area of Boundary Street to Shenzhen River
and a group of 260 islands, now known as the New Territories,
were leased to Britain in 1898 for a period of 99 years.
The New Territories (plus the 260 islands) comprise 891 sq
km (380 sq miles). Shortage of land suitable for development
has led to reclamation from the sea, principally from the
seafronts of Hong Kong Island and Kowloon.
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