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 In 1902 Abd al-Aziz
Ibn Saud captured Riyadh and set out on a 30-year campaign to
unify the Arabian Peninsula. In the 1930s, the discovery of oil
transformed
the country. Following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990, Saudi
Arabia accepted the Kuwaiti royal family and 400,000 refugees while
allowing Western and Arab troops to deploy on its soil for the
liberation of Kuwait the following year. A burgeoning population,
aquifer depletion, and an economy largely dependent on petroleum
output and prices are all major governmental concerns. |
Location:
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Middle East, bordering the Persian
Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen
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Climate:
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Harsh,
dry desert with great temperature extremes
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Borders:
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Iraq 814 km, Jordan 744 km, Kuwait
222 km, Oman 676 km, Qatar 60 km, UAE 457 km, Yemen 1,458 km
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